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Content which gets more views is continually filtered around different internet circles, regardless of its legitimacy. He argues that a convergent set of developments have created the conditions of post-truth society: the political communication informed by cognitive science, which aims at managing perceptions and beliefs of segmented populations through techniques like micro-targeting which includes rumours and falsehoods; the fragmentation of modern and more centralized media; the attention economy marked by information overload, user-generated content and fewer trusted authorities to distinguish between truth and lies, accurate and inaccurate; the algorithms which govern what appears in social media and search engine rankings, based on what users want and not on what is factual; and news media which have been marred by plagiarism, hoaxes, propaganda and changing news values.. According to the now-defunct guidelines, the accreditation of a journalist would have stood cancelled if he/she would have been found to create and propagate fake news by regulating agencies.Tackling Fake News: The South East Asian WayIn a recent turn of events on April 3, Prime Minister Narendra Modi overruled an executive order issued a day earlier that sought to penalize journalists for publishing fake news.S.

The journalists were up in arms against the order and called it a direct attack on the freedom of expression thereby forcing the government to step back.The government of Singapore, where curbs on free speech have often been criticised by human rights advocates, is planning legislation to tackle fake online information.Governments across countries in Southeast South Asia have been consistently striking at the very concept of press freedom in the name of curbing fake news. "In this era of post-truth politics, it’s easy to cherry-pick data and come to whatever conclusion you desire" and "Some commentators have observed that we are living in a post-truth age" are two sentences that delineate the meaning of post-truth.In 2015, media Aluminum letter Signs and politics scholar Jayson Harsin coined the term ‘Regime of Post-Truth’ covering many aspects of post-truth politics.

The said order sought to amend the Guidelines for Accreditation of Journalists.The term fake news has entered the lexicon of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), whose leaders commended the work done by their governments in countering its spread. It is pertinent to note that the Indian Information and Broadcasting Minister Smriti Irani, recently speaking at the Rising India Conclave of Network 18, had categorically noted that the Indian government is debating on the contours of a law to prevent fake news online.Political commentators have identified post-truth politics as ascendant in American,Australian, Bavarian, British, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, Russian, Spanish and Turkish politics, as with other areas of debate, driven by a combination of the 24-hour news cycle, false balance in news reporting, and the increasing ubiquity of social media. 1MDB is being investigated in at least six countries for money-laundering.Huy Vannak, the undersecretary of state at the Cambodia’s Interior Ministry, told Reuters, "Everyone, including ordinary citizens, has to fight against fake news because fake news is like poison or a gun and it can kill our beautiful society. presidential election.Thailand already has a cyber-security law under which the spread of false information carries a jail sentence of up to seven years.Myanmar has assailed foreign news organisations for spreading ‘fake news’ about a military crackdown in its Rakhine state that triggered the exodus of more than 650,000 Rohingya Muslims to Bangladesh.Post-truth as a ConceptPost-truth represents a situation when facts take the backseat and emotional appeals and personal beliefs start shaping public opinion.However, there is a distinct possibility of the government re-introducing the measure in some form or the other. It has detained at least 29 journalists since Nobel peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi came to power in 2016. A defining trait of post-truth politics is that campaigners continue to repeat their talking points, even if the same are found to be untrue."In Malaysia, Prime Minister Najib Razak has accused opponents of using the media to spread fake news on a scandal over state fund 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB).Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen regularly accuses critical media outlets of spreading ‘fake news’. Let us take a couple of contextual examples to understand the term.The most worrying factor for media rights advocates is that several countries are promoting new legislations or expanding existing regulations to make publishing fake news an offence.In the given context, it is important to define post-truth politics (also called post-factual politics and post-reality politics) as a political culture in which debate is framed largely by emotional appeals, and by the repeated assertion of talking points ignoring factual rebuttals. Content may be judged based on how many views a post gets, creating an atmosphere based on click bait that appeals to emotion.In 2016, ‘post-truth’ was chosen as the Oxford Dictionaries’ Word of the Year subject to the Brexit referendum and the U.Recently, the Philippines’ corporate regulator revoked the operating licence of Rappler, a news site whose scrutiny of President Rodrigo Duterte’s deadly war on drugs has been a thorn in his side.Mumbai: As the world debates on fake news and its multiple dimensions, authoritarian regimes across the world are making it an excuse to censor free speech and ensure conformity.The digital culture allows anybody with a computer and access to the internet to post their opinions online which may become legitimized through echo-chambers. Post-truth differs from the traditional contesting and falsifying of truth by relegating truth to be a concern of secondary importance. John Nery, the associate editor and a columnist at the Philippine Daily Inquirer, which has also come under attack from the government, said ‘fake news’ is now glibly used by people who don’t like what they hear.

While serious news organizations are mulling possible measures to contain the journalistic menace, there is a worrisome global trend that is surfacing – labelling anti-establishment news as fake news and crushing the very essence of democracy.In the given context, it is important to understand certain associated terms so that things can be put in perspective.The fear is that, rather than focusing on false stories published on social media, authoritarian leaders will use the new laws to target legitimate news outlets that are critical of them.Philip Bowring, a former editor of the news magazine Far Eastern Economic Review, which closed in 2009, said ‘fake news’ is ‘a convenient phrase’ for governments that would in any case find ways to crimp press freedom. In this environment, post-truth campaigns can ignore fact checks or dismiss them.Post-truth and Social MediaSocial media adds a dimension, as user networks can become echo chambers where one political viewpoint dominates and scrutiny of claims fails, allowing a parallel media eغير مجاز مي باشدystem of websites, publishers and news channels to develop, which can repeat post-truth claims